![]() ![]() Symptoms of cyanide poisoning Mild or early cyanide poisoningĭifficulty breathing, sense of suffocation The critical factor is the speed with which the first aid can be started after exposure. ![]() The most likely injury is to the person using the material but production of hydrogen cyanide gas in an open laboratory could have serious consequences for all occupants. Cyanides can enter the body by inhalation, by contact with the skin or eyes and if swallowed (ingestion).Īlthough cyanide poisoning is uncommon, all staff and students working with or studying in areas using or storing cyanide must be familiar with the first aid required for cyanide poisoning. The heart and central nervous system are particularly prone to rapid damage. Cyanide compounds prevent the transfer of oxygen from the blood to body tissues as a result of selective inhibition of respiratory enzymes. Planetary Health - What is it and why is it important?Ĭyanide compounds are very toxic to humans and inhalation exposure can be rapidly fatal. Talking food and climate - Webinar Recording Risk Management and Safe Work Instructions In massive cyanide poisoning, due to the limited potency of hydroxocobalamin, continuous infusion of sodium thiosulfate should be associated.Pregnancy and work - OHS Information Sheet In suspected cyanide-poisoned patients, we recommend the use of hydroxocobalamin as first-line antidote, owing to its safety. In conclusion, antidotes are beneficial in cyanide poisoning. The only reported side effect was a red coloration of skin and urine. In a prospective study, hydroxocobalamin appeared safe in fire victims with or without cyanide poisoning. Cobalt EDTA is more potent on a molar basis however, numerous side effects limit its use to evidenced cyanide poisoning. Cobalt EDTA and hydroxocobalamin are efficient and act immediately. Experimental data showed increased mortality in carbon monoxide- and cyanide-poisoned rats treated with these agents. Methemoglobin-forming agents are potent, but due to the transformation of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, they impair tissue delivery of oxygen. Sodium thiosulfate is both efficient and safe, but acts with delay. smoke inhalation, we should take into account not only the efficiency of antidotes but also their safety. However, regarding the main clinical condition of cyanide poisoning, i.e. Sodium thiosulfate, methemoglobin forming agents and cobalt compounds act efficiently by complexing or transforming cyanide into non-toxic stable derivatives. Oxygen counteracts efficiently cyanide action at the mitochondrial level. Supportive treatment is efficient but does not modify the time course or the body burden of cyanide. Advanced life support includes mechanical ventilation, catecholamine and sodium bicarbonate infusion. Basic life support includes immediate administration of high flow of oxygen, airway protection and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Decontamination should be adapted to the route of poisoning and never postpone supportive treatment. Conventional treatment of cyanide poisoning includes decontamination, supportive and specific treatment. This article reviews the literature on cyanide poisoning treatment. Our objective was to compare conventional treatments to hydroxocobalamin. However, therapeutic strategies are still debated. Many antidotes are available and efficient. A plasma lactate concentration > or = 10 mmol/L in fire victims without severe burns and > or = 8 mmol/L in pure cyanide poisoned patients is a sensitive and specific indicator of cyanide intoxication. The biological hallmark is lactic acidosis. Clinical features include coma, respiratory arrest and cardiovascular collapse. Cyanide poisoning may result from different exposures: residential fires, industrial accidents, drug and plant intoxication. ![]()
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